Week 11: French Renaissance - Neoclassic

 

The Neoclassical style of architecture began during the French Renaissance as a reaction against Baroque and Rococo styles. This style of architecture was inspired by the classical architecture of ancient Greece and Rome, emphasizing simplicity, symmetry, and proportion. Neoclassical architecture in France was influenced by the French Enlightenment which led to a focus on reason, order, and ideals of democracy and republicanism. Key features of French Neoclassims work include clean lines, columns, triangular pediments, and a restrained color palette.

Petit Trianon

The Petite Trianon is a castle in Versailles, France, designed by architect Ange-Jacques. It was initially made as a private retreat for Madame de Pompadour, one of King Louis XV's mistresses. However, she passed away before it was complete, and the castle was later passed down to Queen Marie Antoinette. The design of this castle embodies the neoclassical style and favors simplicity and elegant lines. It can be characterized by its clean, symmetrical design and use of limestone, giving it a sleek look and natural beauty.

Current Application: Camp David

Built-in Maryland in 1938, Camp David was a rural retreat serving as a private getaway for U.S. presidents designed for them to be relaxed and ease off pressure work from the White House.

Bidermeier Secretaire

The Biedermeier Secretaire was a type of writing desk made during the Biedermeier period. This desk is usually made from light wood, such as walnut, cherry, or birch. The design focuses on simplicity, functionality, and elegance, with clean lines and subtle curves. It also has a pull-out writing surface, storage compartments, and small drawers. This writing desk is fascinating, combining a desk with a storage cabinet.

Current Application: Modern Secretary Desk

Modern Secretary Desk combines sleek lines with hidden compartments. Like Biedermeier, they feature pull-down or sliding-out writing surfaces and are usually made out of wood like walnut or oak.

Throne of Emperor Napolean I Bonaparte 

The Throne of Napolean I Bonaparte is a historically significant artifact that symbolizes his power and authority as the Emperor of France. This throne was inspired by ancient Rome and Greek aesthetics while also reflecting a neoclassic style. The throne is constructed from gilded wood, uses gold and rich colors, and is upholstered with luxurious red velvet fabric.

Current Application: Papal Throne (Holy See)

The papal throne, also known as the Pope's throne, is a high-ranking chair used during papal ceremonies. Like Napoleon's throne, it reflects the level of authority and uses rich materials like gilded wood and velvet.

One Step Further: Napoleon I Bonaparte

Napoleon was a French military leader and emperor who shaped Europe through his military campaigns, governance, and cultural reforms. He glorified France through his architectural projects being inspired by the neoclassical style which dominated his projects to symbolize power and order. Some of his notable projects include Arc de Triomphe, La Madeleine, and Vendome Column. These projects remain lasting symbols of his impact on France and Europe.